{"id":23951,"date":"2022-04-08T17:03:11","date_gmt":"2022-04-08T22:03:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/niixer.com\/?p=23951"},"modified":"2022-04-12T12:36:40","modified_gmt":"2022-04-12T17:36:40","slug":"texturas-blender-uv-mapping","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/niixer.com\/index.php\/2022\/04\/08\/texturas-blender-uv-mapping\/","title":{"rendered":"Aplicaci\u00f3n de texturas en Blender usando UV mapping"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Introducci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>El UV mapping es el proceso de aplicar una textura 2D a un objeto 3D, la textura 2D se aplica al objeto 3D. En un sistema de coordenadas 3D las letras &#8220;X&#8221;, &#8220;Y&#8221; y &#8220;Z&#8221; se utilizan para describir la posici\u00f3n en el espacio 3D, las letras &#8220;U&#8221; y &#8220;V&#8221; en el UV mapping denotan los ejes 2D. El UV Mapping ahorra tiempo al eliminar la necesidad de crear un nuevo material y renderizar cada objeto por separado.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es UV mapping?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>La mejor forma de entender el UV mapping es imaginar que se corta una caja de cart\u00f3n. La caja, al igual que un cubo en la escena 3D, es un objeto tridimensional. La caja plana la podemos poner sobre una mesa cortando una costura o un pliegue con unas tijeras. Se puede decir que la U es la direcci\u00f3n izquierda-derecha y la V es la direcci\u00f3n arriba-abajo cuando se mira la caja sobre la mesa. Como resultado, esta imagen es bidimensional (2D). Un punto UV espec\u00edfico del papel se transfiere a un lugar (X, Y, Z) de la caja cuando \u00e9sta se vuelve a montar. Envolver una imagen 2D alrededor de un elemento 3D es lo que hace un computador con el UV mapping.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Desarrollo de la pr\u00e1ctica<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Ejecutamos Blender y creamos un nuevo archivo general.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/YedD0zZ6W7L2qk2BtKnAzSOC9TIV4kCH0g8oQC9_kTasuq1G21yoS8ZgzWQiqtpaBxZvlmqL943J-rs5-9qL-GksUey9wZgsLb7JmMRB0c-7U9KVyJ7MM4Lcwp1UeJb245-Vaqk3\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 1. Escena inicial.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Inicialmente, vamos a hacer uso del cubo generado por defecto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/qHLESVSbnLDvY5FEY3WbHAlfck40vqYMuPNbtfsjWZDwYsratfVFPvWNRa863Veo0KE2oG9btGNdeT0-06Rh506im4J8rqJkpA_Vs-5TdWWCs28KOyEzgbSqb1oG9i0WnoiYi_0y\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 2. Cubo por defecto en Blender.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. En el men\u00fa superior y con el cubo seleccionado nos vamos a edici\u00f3n UV y hacemos clic en nuevo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/ci7G4g2x8NvNhzAk9GAXwr6EH3MvUg1NblWEhZIAMQyuGJryJY-pZvSU7vrGBoxg_eE7ANxHlJjYK7txUEq8La4drrnwE3W44O5As1NqqSAtTwiZJjOw86nWf9jaMEtH7XJ007qo\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 3. UV mapping del cubo.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/Mne0Xyvj3dW24IjA04wetZsAhi74tMk6TlN24J8AawSzao4pwr-PHVajBnmDu8F1KC6wJHYgu1hxmRZVsCYIqi4e__leaTWE7igktRvtYexZdBifmhbJcx35JiiooxWWZ88z1Jyr\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 4. Creaci\u00f3n de una nueva textura.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. Le damos cualquier nombre y en la opci\u00f3n de tipo generado se escoge grilla de color. Seguido de esto, hacemos clic en ok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/hVAyY2MxXNk4rwNenQDQKac6toN8R-YjSTklOJ-6WVzBVDcCV7yUk8tUhDc7T53CNGvnO5L8U8gTdWlc6Puqjva6_Q23-_hWAf4lqp918AtQRWZDAK7dpCtG4pmm02qfCQCaBhOm\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 5. Creaci\u00f3n de la textura llamada Prueba.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. Se observa que se cre\u00f3 una grilla de color, de igual forma, se observan las caras, v\u00e9rtices y aristas del cubo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-v4JiMmkmLUbqFpNGLu3Ufledb10YXMPQhBti_-MqaMqAAiWcVo-pTmwR0tTvCwQOuB2Dc84yTP5CfYTfggPkIuqGa-64uWq6gz1cpU3BFio0nQknLpBER7x7Zb0k0vRZQKIwgiI\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 6. Textura de grilla de color.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. Ahora se asigna el material que creamos, para lo cual nos vamos a la opci\u00f3n de asignar material, y donde dice \u201csuperficie\u201d se selecciona BSDF difuso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/XyIadYA5bjWs7oF1lceVddqdnZNtVq0xYqwM1mqnBGgCIc2V0dPyZ8SCDRLPaynxTcvlmPd5CN2GffKJ0oQkB2YP9FflH6N88YyesHmCiVhRZIPpy9_SfgE40uF5Dk3phB0Zip2f\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 7. Asignaci\u00f3n de material al objeto.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/21S611B_WMcBAAzVDxp6DLJpv8JV5oNZzHEFOKf9t6A09QUEJ-Fdwhl1E_9HSytaQRnmza5kkRhVkYybIog6-dX4kDYV--LU7gAc6sOOP4qowspn9_Oc8gEw5qpChrfj9YKOdkpy\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 8. Selecci\u00f3n de superficie difusa BSDF.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. Seleccionamos el tipo de color que usar\u00e1 el objeto, para lo cual, se hace clic en el punto amarillo donde dice \u201ccolor\u201d y se selecciona textura de imagen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/51kWmUSLOzCx3wh-fhtzLcXiDH87qHQrMvZ_Czfh7mbqIBBTJUV06_KlkqD_N36LZIghCcCl4_aARq4BMk-VQRQAfx_kIZup1wvQOFJBNspmR2TdhI5QeVx8l1Jnmbow0OjN_WuK\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 9. Selecci\u00f3n de imagen de textura.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8. Finalmente, asignamos la textura que creamos al objeto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/eXfF0n_RxDZAwYO6DXTVoEvTuxxSQtziVEFO9b9EMn710rsRE4RTS-z4jevbG29pbPjMAcR15o9ZqU6Hd4BkymSWFLnibpbx5mMieEvmVcsQq_GvbSDMEzVA7RxLbhD71Vpu8J6Y\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 10. Asignaci\u00f3n del material creado al objeto.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9. Finalmente, asignamos la textura que creamos al objeto. El objeto con la textura aplicada se puede observar en modo material y renderizado, como se muestra en la imagen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/d5kHjiYvxdDwmOEhY1RQ-7Iibip8eRvfMiT7PYfRCWRbTsoAgAT2ftEwqmHMHcUdejc_VYseI9JOnqIAHG8BAF5bKVUupPyHZSguw0JEkL4xZzDbvLhe5LfuhqFycW3YSNDB-_uV\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 11. Cubo con la textura aplicada.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/LyDUBNNKbvQmE6rcdIxAcP6ZYIfUM_R7z5Ky-2tZw2jUnz-taUun-lYXZKoes3U-CIXPZDw7OwuoqBYjb0vvpKTTAQqHA_iDyEAhfXarqhG-2n46TK2fcN2lke1uuam5YLC0xGqh\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 12. Modo material y renderizado en Blender.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10. Con el proceso de aplicar texturas ya realizado, se procede a crear los objetos solicitados para la pr\u00e1ctica. En primera instancia se crear\u00e1 un barril de desechos t\u00f3xicos y para la cual se parte de la primitiva del cilindro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/GOoh545IAXV3citjYw0YJSebvkjuS0Uh5VF_LTF_hnA02_H6OYoYEsefJuVh-aG9khdcnfvwxL-ToitRjbL-vc7Y8iVpwRdTvgNkdA65lrX1zOzue-jqV87nZ4IlRL70wfIDv1Ud\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 13. Cilindro en blender.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11. Haciendo uso de la herramienta de cortes de bucle, agregamos al cilindro varias divisiones verticales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/07V1J75AtTHMo-M1yTmxw9FjSQGAEtyym5hNupci3Blvu2tHGeC7HWxHY2dOoaslTHOof-KO5ANYukXFcCfPFF9qQkPe3N9TiZFyhhN7-nwWt8U20spG0wbF0d2tQLrj2ne6_G6g\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 14. Herramienta de cortes de bucle.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12. En modo edici\u00f3n, agregamos los detalles de arriba y abajo del tanque. Extruimos las caras con la tecla E y escalamos hac\u00eda dentro para darle la apariencia de una tapa.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/u4EtA_wNrgj98LLl8G6Ra42G21HT8qLvEYBIMbPtvEIRW2AjWWR9MtT_5w4uMIdsonP5dkGFeYOSBDgKdGylcfAVo4qVOMVO3rijNCZb_TJ3qTOl5OSSuZky_OaZePukfJixFZq3\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 15. Construcci\u00f3n de la parte superior del tanque.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/zTC6N7mNiuEEON_Z9m9zl2Xgf29ab9g1dWoPW2-T5H9q9CoiIk554pGkhqwHvT2KvcMdVYA-C9EOYEm5FqMRZi0fEjm5SqjDYiTm6JcQ6PDUEIWhVJoRhJcnTqws79Dyco-j8y-J\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 16. Construcci\u00f3n de la parte inferior del tanque.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13. Ya teniendo el objeto modelado, pasamos a a\u00f1adir la textura siguiendo los mismos pasos descritos anteriormente con el cubo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/VXtixyJFEYFDg5aTfZ26OSqd2bb5qKM-9SweI0F0zIzO8qasaeH-9qRz9cXSVcUk5urWMryeuLLcCy_HyNA9lUrasCMm6kBIPv7BouJxYaKPy4zXdrW9ZW8AWdpkxdDjF42hRMFS\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 17. Tanque radioactivo terminado.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/ro0j763iDu5FbJoigaemNs-niD5xcSco12sh7MBRaxfSdVTIBhLa9_gvPnhi95vyGP-RHTVrNWUmlzNPcJ-VOYaUzXMhFeRdLR2PL95Hwe9Trq7fhXMDt5STgJwciXcZotY6zSag\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 18. UV mapping del tanque.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>14. Antes de aplicar la textura al cilindro, seleccionamos todo el c\u00edrculo interior y lo marcamos como una costura. Cuando se hace esto se observa que la selecci\u00f3n se marca de un color naranja. Este paso se debe hacer para la tapa superior e inferior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/ahxCq7tUYVJ8GTVYuXxUtT0fMGEU0yewhlhqb2vq-qGOzgFh5o_F6ZZEcK96tOh6E0e0aEDEauwc6vvzvWZKln6O7GoWNCTyXd9uGk3LON2_GluGknsL5RBO0yKt7q9v533CZoD0\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 19. Marcaci\u00f3n de costura de las tapas del tanque.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/ZZBYq_zcFGi0XFYLhFSmwr9eKLPg4iwKPSBl4f_ejhXGd6KEH3q2SnwvEhCjEI8_FkxfU-CVAnMzDdlqYrcqrbo1nmb2bi-bol6WGV_f0JdTQC10dkFplz1tguc28aBWwNb_VFCH\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 20. Cara superior seleccionada.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/1DucnfZouUNbxtrTV-c9_yZYE4Bj-pQjIc6CFrOcRa_CuL7KegnujLKcJqyukCU9dk-AoZXHeGxRgE2lt9nk2AlzX413vpWAbw0utP9SI6SocafhJ-LzyS-g-M99bY_TAJSd1Zv3\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 21. Tapa superior del tanque con costura.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/XSexJp7A2ucQsRU_wufZktWZgQe1n9jYhg7Je_GxsBI2gbkZaOAGzMKuh2yERrp7vYY-DMOQ2LXSfTHL5rH3fn934l77q1j8RnnQ5HRLjv2iLP-UXVAX8XLWmtQi4YvqYXo6qAiQ\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 22. Tapa inferior del tanque con costura.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>15. Ahora si procedemos a aplicar la textura al objeto, seleccionamos las tapas y el contorno del tanque y lo acomodamos de tal forma que correspondan correctamente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/u0ASZfRRJ7ZiB7EgzqBtRjF0m-DC-zhtGdk2ooUjd2EhV-xmjWaT1hZvI4OC7HLfgKWeSd2DZg70zSC9lzL2o6Zofb4Pt8LNkDvD02I6jSIjE3jTB4yIefcxFofMVV33PNK5eMrE\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 23. Textura tapa superior tanque radioactivo.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/N4Kr3kcsemLw-wTmeKZToPIYLlIeHr0j0q88W20EZGiezdatOmfCaHrgEbQUHs3FYI-ejLRndvzbZhpAk5yFkBqgLQZgwbPA0spAbvjXsZVrwk7oBnFocgDKgwMPwndCwVTD5LZe\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 24. Tapa superior con textura.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/OQYdiTV_iFMh9LRhCLHhk_TwoaLZMaOCLf1RJRAILD_q5KwICfJBGkD699u51NuCKI35HBPEYUFJKDP5yyzb2ZfTB2Putyx39qJUBca6mRY7Udhc7om8q6n7b9EA6u2qWh751ES5\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 25. Textura tapa inferior tanque radioactivo.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/DRNP5dDVyWh3SaBYbOj43hHSE36c9uI4H0ZVTdO9Ry0hUSPL75RM9AB0LGf7UwSN49TltOLUE5Xrru-mGiBa_U_f5x0nq23T0vw6AmincdqH7yAH7vL7wlZ5Fx4vksDX5FR8ocn9\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 26. Tapa inferior con textura.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/icos-c1Lt5qR3O84HWNHFEjUzr5tT52jlZJ4afo04nRg42FEASeb8uJE3Lq8IflDXUS7nzV_DWmBWRSEUuJcLJhem-Kit6qxmWxPaf41b1-Cq0fjmPx3y2RZAGjCirRR5NHKQVPs\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 27. Textura cuerpo tanque radioactivo.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/Qp3Yr7-qgkzs1riJwFKMrLO1WH-SA324GB97R09u89jZqMoJdB4OVbzK9_sFrLACRq11yeiPsGGpUWBUmcLP0uc-GKjzrZmH1LElUP0HN5l1TdKgyTGpKZfhucVvbtijYUUiALVV\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 28. Tanque radioactivo con textura.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>16. Siguiendo los pasos anteriores, creamos una lata de gaseosa con su respectiva textura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/EPwgmUfr9id08GCdX4UJqsq07lVAO3AGK-2vgWCl7vBsewhmwa2TXt9pW2o-79Nw8xnDmrfKPtEJvUNGx_6K4TejMvzSFJJaFOgIIVVlEw4nVwQJJ0m1FrsYMnabuttvd-hV7scE\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 29. Lata de gaseosa.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/m1IkFYj0DiTKvizafs3nA6map06EaNVZGoYtFdL0LX_mCHTRkPxwU2lccO-01GpauhCD5RZ8LvZSwM4CjZUhVFULCYQ3fgrodOgLtbrhfUlNvCMY1fppsOWr4wuSbmw5HADOkXKF\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 30. Textura lata de gaseosa.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/WDODHlcDjnsraBzK1RZlHl__U3oVH-bHA2q9bk_kp6NVONTpmltjq6sxLMEtwyqyEaeXWlxk6XonvQXVPPyHm5LJbf8j5R84waD-CnW-9jhMzOyE8t2lylvi7e6u3JEtrZ10bjud\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 31. Lata de gaseosa con textura.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>17. De igual forma, creamos unos cubos que har\u00e1n de cajas para la escena final.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/K91I2crarjqVYF56o9hbAtxuTgBZfFPuoIgX8cwMwr_yAQuQ6S6HAKIIFheWxY2gRt4opIMrvxxANZPn1ZqsfSIDYxI53yyXuGIQQeuZVRnZymrx10_rCZo5alrEUcS7_JHgyARm\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 32. Cubo con textura de caja de madera.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/kEz3IfgyUPXH2XqE7k0S1XFsSSivjTlnI7HlmVMTsyJCWbXoe3f2fy47dA3V-KxoezG9K6AvpdZfxka3b2epcK9agyIaX3I32nFVedx0aejs5p7AqymC7ilbRQFjhWd5WCHpL87q\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 33. Cajas de madera.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>18. Tambi\u00e9n se crea una caja met\u00e1lica y un par de llantas haciendo uso de un Torus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/_t6CP1ZKAY7cuw_FlFHdgZQ6hG7MWBoHNddxFfiIQ1H5U6MenpXtEoW2Tsb0bkmmZ7EvmrvpDTXwfv2LSgTzd9wbI-i6JWZQSjad-U2Metxfh9fM4GEBvEohi5c4zv4velFjxPoR\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"559\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 34. Caja met\u00e1lica.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/3SgtAJWzOOswpsYhWtI0kbc6wbn80Rm2AQQFAQYlC3TFdZUH3kuC0HSPdQCw6McIdl0-eCjpvkH4JnfalBDk6K-BnEYNMPwT7SkegnehCTudmgvba7Ny9cIVAzFBh0qudfWwcuFW\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 35. Torus con textura de neum\u00e1tico.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>19. Duplicamos varios objetos para la creaci\u00f3n de la escena final.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/Dygq3x6HYtDUqDbcsmnFcj95dKGStkppVf2YlBgkrYYrX6Kon4dxPRVNrPUhnBYgzCIAtgeV3euxlAgrf_QOtXWBCwMUWzaDIAhcaOEQ9_8Yud5u4fwGcGA7Xknl6nyQS6HuYC2r\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 36. Escena inicial parte 1.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>20. Se a\u00f1aden dos planos, uno que har\u00e1 de pared y el otro de piso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/Rr9Fwoym12NVWRLu7CdhbKlmV0RD1H_SIiM_CToK2_tpAkM2bJMGVJQjLQGyfDU-GHONhaqebgSejrV1Nh0CnpnqZcbT9iAMh8RbasKmPt3eP5_dRfskyQ7PUb2OhTtjqdNUd-Bj\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 37. Escena inicial parte 2.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>21. Ahora se a\u00f1ade un cono a la escena, para lo cual se parte de un cubo y se escala con relaci\u00f3n al eje z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/auuylKZOobAtxEoULSZ9wO4cfFzTv2r1vqIKOXUdKEqWeVSQEfRAYSgHigQlQwIkvHiyAzmBjad2fA0S00eyl9wcWxNg5corgMxT5gIO_UxCQgoiFQLUXqFkbeScyO0RVOgZ8Dv6\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 38. Base inicial del cono.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>22. Para hacer la parte de abajo del cono, pasamos a modo edici\u00f3n, seleccionamos todas las aristas y con las teclas Ctrl + B se hacen los bordes del cono.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/7tYOQ2WswxJu7iunKNgt5gqYMzfw5Q6HmLkaVRbx3opL_hY0HIUAR85C699hgQST4TuInJhxpc1NDoy3jqEM6F-fOuAwmRnoqCEW4UMf4VAApqKIi3MZtuNrNFmKAax2jZlcFKIL\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 39. Selecci\u00f3n de aristas.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/_35wuj17HPpNyAAh-TKFlUe1lMcEAtC94VXOkMu8DWZO6qxahjYMxJS3ZtDtzYo5OP3YF8M7eBhUOVOdwCGf-io3qrh1YO5KzfC0jzDSO57xo5R5h6poiJbAr3ynLuhHw-3OW4W9\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 40. Bordes del cono.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>23. Con la herramienta de corte de bucle a\u00f1adimos subdivisiones verticales y horizontales como se muestra en la imagen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/XuLHs1L8u2qVVHM6pXzf_R8eucIHmlHcxEnQ2HQPdfiD_7aSpLwj1ok0E9AapeoGAEyji7-ew965_bPYb0E_SK1ND-9beCJjf17Aa2FnsG_3dA4WoxGb90ofTAfiSlvN4oY-06uj\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 41. Detalles de la base del cono.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>24. Se suaviza el objeto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/F0_oU1yppi_T_vtsXdfUQWR2q_zozRva8XaoPiBZsJsxjESgwEHANtGFtMFFwSnZ_MeTuP-h055TbXP7Bq3I6S76cUZckFgPmnR3Fx_dxuuid9SQhRdvh2cA6NXEWDz68S0Ojp1f\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 42. Suavizado del objeto.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>25. Para hacer la parte superior del cono se usa un cilindro, usando la extrusi\u00f3n y escalado se hace la forma del cono.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/QDJ24LEDbUtNeS3zruHL_NQfD5Se9NviD9RApuHM3DXqlkEF4AqIhymwusCB9Ivq8LHWDIPjLxRG0kR6t1PbJpzC0bA-wE09h5gQUrlQATSAM39XzRdXHA82A9J9AcH5fmbWJ4Aq\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 43. Construcci\u00f3n inicial del cono.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/f1bUuNZSXL9aE_cdW67BCAkxxGpRD1Gh1d0jY378yAb6uPHxhef6PKOquN4Rs-MyZUIpcMl_4SY6FyfRp9wN-cWGm6XTbn0eB0SKfiu7ZYeypqmvkyzFXCQ_kovFeFxy6PG5C5SJ\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 44. Parte superior del cono.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>26. A continuaci\u00f3n se remueven los bucles de los bordes y se a\u00f1aden cortes de bucle. Para esto, se hace la selecci\u00f3n con las teclas Shift + Alt + Click izquierdo como se muestra en la imagen, y a continuaci\u00f3n se presiona Ctrl + X.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/bZZsdKNiEIk4hip_VYgQYLdmXuBNZW__15vp3D6KX6KZCqE2QMQQjd2GRRB_rGN1XbMILS8WC1CP43mSkK25OnpztaRB7hORrz6-7V3_-XuNZFNDND0j06mUOmuy6NEYqcVEaCll\" alt=\"\" width=\"346\" height=\"424\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 45. Selecci\u00f3n de las divisiones del cono.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/vJJ5cLWG7k0Nox5H1k9ZzkdzS9nHITSqeBnZ2Wh1HkYeZJkCre0WmA1VJhTkW42ERAASnJUSF1-ro1O5V_z0FaMAy2O4nWMrXviGX3SueY4sjxzOFsbRcGBRjqGHupgR9gHvnXy_\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 46. Divisiones del cono despu\u00e9s de cortes de bucle.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>27. Ya con la forma del cono, hacemos las divisiones del cono, para lo cual con las teclas Ctrl + R se a\u00f1aden las divisiones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/qCS2-VMjjRAlfJn3yCtd-9XM8LSRmJoT3rcW7aFoxPkIbocG_mg0aKD3n1S9CcKeTrvHcD1xkMW4m6HUvQbl12uuXm8DInrme3BLFHkANfG-djrRHxB1iRoqn9Q1iJNvK1FiJuHB\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 47. Modelo del cono final.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>28. Se agrega el color al cono y a sus divisiones. Para asignar el color a las divisiones del cono (las partes blancas del cono), nos vamos a modo edici\u00f3n, seleccionamos las caras de la divisi\u00f3n y asignamos el color.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/3U0DRa-8Gf-KNO8Kl62fMdcJLyirtWXoUbmRsWOU3_ISxbrzaXiJP66ReRFjzYi9fAyfCr-4dAYWGywO2Au6qRw_zq6NPkoFsjF_GrKGVyZAi8rVBWl-nZ55EcrA5oE8-Kl-3mN6\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 48. Cono con color.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/koCqo9SRDwnOqmFmpsfpmdcYFdanfq0rzKvNgTYpICGlDdU_LeqBE70hkzeKqvTfWb8u4xQ4hTFLegy5-GsTZLOm8rwoUVirHHIVuKwE9WQlUd835ToGIsWzmn33v7VArMclKK70\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 49. Cono con color en sus divisiones.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/LnfwpGORwCKFDOdbzLHqQzMZby6MOXT42kBEPhQOA2dH2NkkHWl6toOcXLjJY3P4IiU6Hn-RTMIHcBnPgabecVP4Ck2MqnRt1Lz1vdr3jIDhzTKuQcaFEK41n3AyenUAqBA-xqq5\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 50. Asignaci\u00f3n del color blanco a las divisiones del cono.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>29. Finalmente se agregan luces a la escena, de diferente color y potencia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/1FlmjVfbEGB8CyezZA_qvHpydTEFOAPWzd7n7It-Yfc0aADucDcGHIN35HpRq-it1nkbwehRek0xgdAaIK1yJFmSYnZ9PsznSROMd5gaDDhB4Z5SGxqYbqNTWJ4VNB-UjYY0AZXd\" alt=\"\" width=\"334\" height=\"446\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 51. Creaci\u00f3n de luces para la escena.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>30. La escena final quedar\u00eda de la siguiente forma:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/SQwXWjzfHZWEALBUKK4Af4WFjK3LdmOV6sFBds6c2myxjziB_mlQeIJ6-1U_jF6UDEdlwZVTuymDdiEqzvhoDeA9bCs0NI2jXUYT_2TdVEFIc0cLp6rWLc7RudPFrMTODeDggVAz\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 52. Escena final en modo material.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/aezbHs1nN6iiKnEokAq1bP7cFgVkZEPTaC7S2AwT57bePuIGdcpzQZiULGvaESAy9gWxHs6ORnXR9Q1Sz2twRbXe4qItgztVW3_fiAcNOkJO6f0fnY85TRW3xsKgtT3EyB1tzaYL\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><strong>FIGURA 53. Escena final en modo render.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Autor: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/niixer.com\/?s=jose+luis+rincon+hernandez\">Jos\u00e9 Luis Rinc\u00f3n Hern\u00e1ndez<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Editor: <\/strong>Carlos Iv\u00e1n Pinz\u00f3n Romero<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C\u00f3digo: <\/strong>UCMV-10<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Universidad: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucentral.edu.co\/\">Universidad Central<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Fuentes<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Verma, A. (2021). <em>Blender 2.9: UV Mapping \u2013 Simply Explained.<\/em> All3DP. <a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/blender-uv-mapping-simply-explained\/\">https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/blender-uv-mapping-simply-explained\/<\/a> <\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Blender. (2022). <em>UV Editor - Introduction.<\/em> Blender 3.1 Manual. <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.blender.org\/manual\/en\/latest\/editors\/uv\/introduction.html\">https:\/\/docs.blender.org\/manual\/en\/latest\/editors\/uv\/introduction.html<\/a> <\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Artistic Render. (2021). <em>The definitive tutorial to UV mapping in Blender.<\/em> Artistic Render. <a href=\"https:\/\/artisticrender.com\/the-definitive-tutorial-to-uv-mapping-in-blender\/\">https:\/\/artisticrender.com\/the-definitive-tutorial-to-uv-mapping-in-blender\/<\/a> <\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Blender Study. (3 de abril de 2020). <em>Modeling a traffic cone - Blender Tutorial.<\/em> [Video]. YouTube. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Iz2wfRZuZbo\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Iz2wfRZuZbo<\/a><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introducci\u00f3n El UV mapping es el proceso de aplicar una textura 2D a un objeto 3D, la textura 2D se aplica al objeto 3D. En un sistema de coordenadas 3D las letras &#8220;X&#8221;, &#8220;Y&#8221; y &#8220;Z&#8221; se utilizan para describir la posici\u00f3n en el espacio 3D, las letras &#8220;U&#8221; ySeguir Leyendo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":101,"featured_media":23958,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[1939],"tags":[1310,326,84,1946],"class_list":["post-23951","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-modelado","tag-blender-3d","tag-modelado","tag-modelos-3d","tag-texturas-con-blender"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Aplicaci\u00f3n de texturas en Blender usando UV mapping &#8211;<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El UV mapping es 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